The top five remained unchanged. Like last year, it included TypeScript, Python, JavaScript, C#, and Java. The changes affected the remaining positions in the top ten.
The top five remained unchanged. Like last year, it included TypeScript, Python, JavaScript, C#, and Java. The changes affected the remaining positions in the top ten.
DOU analyzed 6,782 IT professionals: Software Engineering (67%), QA (12%) and DevOps/SRE (5%), DS/ML/AI (5%), analysts (4%), and management (2%).
This language is the primary language for 21% of respondents, up from 17% last year. It is even more dominant among Software Engineers: 25% use it as their primary language.
TypeScript continues to grow steadily: from 6% in 2020 to 21% in 2025).
The language has also dramatically strengthened its leadership in Full Stack — 33% now versus 24% last year, as well as in QA — 26% share now, 19% last year.
Python remains in second place (16%), but its share has slightly decreased after rapid growth. The language dominates DS/ML/AI (75%), and is also used primarily by analysts.
Python also remains the main language for DevOps. But due to the availability of Shell, its share has fallen from 75% to 50%. It is also the most popular in DefTech — 33%.
At the same time, the distribution of languages differs from the commercial one: Python comes in first place (19% in open source vs. 16% in work).
Python is often the first language for beginners (those who have been in the industry for a year or less).
In commercial use, the share of JavaScript is 11.5%, and as an additional and open source tool, it is 14.5%.
The share of C# is slowly but steadily decreasing. It is growing only in Embedded — 45% versus 33% last year.
At the same time, this language is chosen by the most experienced specialists — approximately 17% of developers with 15+ years of experience.
Java's share is also slowly decreasing: from 14.1% in 2021 to 10% in 2025.
In 2025, DB and PHP swapped places. DB is growing noticeably: from 0.8% in 2020 to 6% now, last year it rose from 7th to 6th.
C++ overtook Kotlin: from 8th to 9th place.
Swift rose to 10th place, while Go dropped from 10th to 12th.
Recall that the TIOBE ranking named C# the programming language of 2025 and raised it to 5th place. In 2024, it was Python.
Also, dev.ua previously talked about the role of Ada in Ukrainian IT — a programming language that was born in the late 70s at the initiative of the Pentagon and managed to enter the top 10 of the TIOBE index in July 2025.
